SAP SD INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. What is transfer order?

ANS: Transfer order is created for picking the goods in warehouse management. Transfer order contain

         1. Material Number

         2. Quantity to be moved

         3. Source storage bin to destination storage bin .

Through this transfer order picking list generated.

 2. What are the fields in pricing procedure?

There are 16 fields that are given below:

ANS. 1. Step 2.Counter 3 Condition type 4. Description 5. From 6. To 7. Mannual

         8. Mandatory 9. Statistic 10. Print 11. Subtotal 12. Requirement 13 alternative calculation type

         14. Alternative condition base value 15. Account key 16 Accrual

       
 3. What are the Standard output types in SD?

    ANS. BA00 for order LD00 for delivery RD00 for billing and RD03 for Cash sales.

 4. What is Condition type?

 ANS. Condition type is a pricing element such as discount,freight,surcharge.This are used in pricing procedure to represent condition record.

 5. What is difference between delivery document & scheduling?

ANS. Delivery document is an electronic document where store when how much quantity of materials and where the materials should go ? on the other side, scheduling represent when materials will be delivered in that case backward scheduling and forward scheduling is used.

6 How is item category determined?

ANS .In general item category determination is happened through sales document type+item usage+item category group+higher level item category +default item category

        In the creating from reference document item category determination is happened from copy control where source item category to target item category.if it is not maintained ,item category determination is happened though normal determination like sales document type+ item usage+item category group + higher level item category+default item category.

 7. What is Extract used in condition tech. in pricing?

ANS. Condition table+Access sequence+Condition type+pricing procedure=condition technique.

        The above extract is used to find suitable condition record.

 8. What is the difference between plant and storage location?

 ANS .A plant may be delivering plant and production plant and storage plant.

         In Sales and Distribution, since plant is assigned with sales organization and distribution channel, it is called                   delivering plant.

           Storage location, where the materials are stored, that is called storage location. storage location is located in plant. Many storage locations can be located in one plant.

 9. What is Lean Warehouse Management?

ANS.  Lean warehouse management is a small part of function provided by warehouse management structure.

         It only includes fixed bin storage. it switch off some functions of warehouse management activities that are given below : storage section

                    Reserve storage bin

                    Strategy to put away and picking

                    Replenishment

                    Inventory of storage bin level.

                    

 10. What is the purpose of sales document type?

ANS. Sales document will determine whether the process will be cash sales or rush order

         It will determine the process whether the order will be normal order or release order.

         It will determine what will be the delivery type of a order.

         It will determine what will be the billing type of a order.

   
 11. What is an integration point between SD AND MM?

 ANS. When order is created availability check and transfer of requirement is happened, that is one SD and MM integration point.

         In the case of delivery picking is happened and after that PGI is happened that is another integration point of SD and MM.

 12. What are MRP types?

ANS. MRP Means How the material is planned-such as Automatic reorder point planning, annual reorder point planning, Forecast Planning.

 13. What is use of customer Account group?

ANS. Customer Account group control the master data of customer

        It help to determine customer number assignment

        It help to determine which field should be optional and which field should be mandatory and hide.

        It control transaction of a customer master

 14. What is the difference between incomplete order and backorder processing?

 ANS. In the case of creating sales order, when mandatory fields are missing, it is called incomplete order and it is decided by incompletion procedure.

      Backorder processing when material quantity is not confirmed or delivery confirmation date cannot be kept.

       There are two types of back order processing 1) manual back order processing

                                                                         2) Automatic via rescheduling

 15. Why does the customer master have different views?

 ANS: there are three views in customer master data that are given below:

a)       General Data: general data is applicable for accounting and sales and distribution purpose

                            Address,Control data,payment transaction,marketing,unloading point,export data,contact person

b)       Company Code Data: Company code data is applicable only accounting purpose.

Account management,payment transaction,correspondence,insurance

c)        Sales area Data: sales area data is applicable only sales and distribution purpose.

Sales,shipping,billing,partner function.

 16. What is t-code for listing the blocked documents?

ANS.T-code of listing blocked VKM1.

17.  What is batch split?

ANS. When products are coming from different batch and it’s batch number are different, batch split are happened.

18. What is Product attributes?

      ANS. By defining product attributes, you take customer preferences for product substitution into account. For example, you may have customers who refuse products produced abroad, or products that contain a coupon. When you define product attributes, the system checks them in product selection, ignoring any material with a product attribute that the customer has explicitly rejected.

19.  What is difference between SD account key and FI account key?

ANS. As far as account key concern both are the same to find the right G/L Account through condition technique.SD account key will be from pricing procedure. On the other hand, FI account key will be from tax procedure.

 20. How is credit control determined?

ANS . Credit control area determined by credit control area+Credit Risk Category+Credit group.

                 21. What are the parameters in FD32?

ANS.you can see overview of the customer, address of the customer, central data of customer, status and payment history of the customer.

 22. What is the difference between routine and requirements?

ANS. routines define which field should copy from reference document to target document.

         Requirement should meet when is being copied from source document to target document. If requirement is not met, a warning message is displayed or process may be terminated.

 
                23. What is condition supplement and why is it used?

ANS. Condition supplement don’t have any access sequence. They found together underlying one condition record. You set allowed condition supplement in customizing for the main condition type by assigning different pricing procedure. In the case of creation of sales order, when pricing procedure is taken into account, condition supplement is applied.

24. What is the difference between milestone and periodic billing?

ANS. Milestone billing is used in Plant engineering and construction, full amount of money are spreading over several dates within billing plan.

    Periodic billing is used in Rental contract. Full amount of money are billed over certain period of time.  

25. What is the landscape?

ANS. They system landscape basically is the set-up or arrangement of your SAP servers. Ideally, in an SAP environment, a three-system landscape exists. A three-system landscape consists of the Development Server-DEV, Quality Assurance Server-QAS and the Production Server-PROD. This kind of set-up is not primarily designed to serve as server clusters in case of system failure, the objective to enhance "configuration pipeline management". 

26. What is variant in reporting?

ANS. Variant is a variation of report which delivered either R/3 system or save it. Each variant contains different fields that are populated when you call up the report.

27. What is the difference between Static and Dynamic Credit Check?

ANS. Static credit check is a check which is comparing the credit limit assign to the customer to the total value of open sales order, plus total value of open delivery that are not yet to invoiced plus total amount billing document that are yet to be passed on accounting plus total value of billing amount that are yet to be paid by customer.

         Dyanamic credit is a check which is comparing the credit limit assign to the customer to the total value of open sales order, plus total value of open delivery that are not yet to invoiced plus total amount billing document that are yet to be passed on accounting plus total value of billing amount that are yet to be paid by customer.

But, difference is that time period (credit horizon) is attached with dynamic credit states that the system is not calculated all open item and all open value after credit horizon. On the other hand, there is not time period is not attached with static credit limit. For this reason, all open items and all open values is taken into account.

28. What is difference between the item proposal and dynamic proposal?

ANS.In item proposal,when you enter details in sales document and click the propose items to get item list of the customer regularly purchases

         On the other hand,once you specify the sold-to-party and press enter,system automatically gives the list of materials for the customer regularly in a faster way than item proposal. 

29. What is a field catalog?

ANS. A field catalog is a list of newly added field. If you want to create table, you have to create field that is added to field catalogue. After that you can create table.

30. What is the difference between condition type EK01 and EK02?

ANS. EK01 is used as actual cost and EK02 is used as calculated cost. Both are used in make-to-order production. In the case of EK01, unit cost is issued first position on the conditions screen for the items. The value can be used for the basis of price determination.

On the other hand, in the case of EK02, the result of unit costing is simply a statistical value which is compared with price.

31. What are the user exits?

ANS . User Exit is the place where you can enhance sap documents and you can activate and deactivate some fields and create some fields through coding.Even,you can create new routine and formula through coding.But,you cannot change standard sap document. This is can be done by ABAP (Advance Business Application Programming)

32. What is the Function of item category group?

ANS. Item category group will determine the item category of an item in a sales document. It is maintained material master sales organization 2.Suppose,in the case BOM,if item category group is ‘ERLA’,higher level item category ‘TAQ’  and sub-item category is ‘TAE’.On the other hand, if item category group is ‘LUMF’,higher level item category is TAP’ and sub-item item category is ‘TAN’. Item category depends on sales organization and distribution channel. it is only outbound delivery.

33. What is pricing procedure?

ANS. Pricing procedure will determine how pricing take place in sales order and billing. In Pricing procedure there are condition types and there are 16 columns which control the condition types to determine how the condition type will behave in a pricing procedure.

34. What is condition exclusion?

ANS. Condition exclusion indicator can be set in condition type and condition record.

        If it is set in condition record, condition type is excluded from being accessing and requirement function is ignored.

         On the other hand, condition exclusion in condition record help to compare condition record between two condition exclusion groups or between two condition types to determine best price .All other condition types will be deactivated.

35. Which delivery document type for STO process?

ANS .There are two STO (Stock Transfer Order) that is 1) intra company stock transport order which delivery document type is ‘UB’ and 2) inter company stock transport order which delivery document type is “NB”.

 
36. What is difference between the header level condition and item level condition?

 ANS.  Header level condition is maintained in header level pricing procedure in sales order. This condition does not have any access sequence.So; you have to maintain condition record manually. This condition record distributed proportionately between items in whole documents .if you assign formula of alternative condition base value with condition type, condition type will distribute between items in whole document on the basis alternative condition base value.

            Item level condition is applicable only for that item. it has access sequence .So, condition record can be fetched automatically from condition table.

37. What is the link between credit management and subtotals?

ANS. In pricing procedure pricing value plus tax is stored in a subtotal field that is A) VBAP-CMPRE which is used for credit check in order and delivery through credit group which is assigned with sales document type and delivery document type.

38. What is Delivery group and what is its purpose?

ANS. Delivery group is used for credit check. Because credit group is assigned with delivery group.

          Automatic credit control is happened in delivery group.

39. What is main purpose of maintaining the master data?

ANS. Master data provides important sources of data for creating documents.

        Master data help to run business transaction smoothly.

        Master data help to define which field is important and which field is important

40. What is line item?

ANS. Line item is an individual item in a sales document which has a item detail such as shipping point, division and route.

41. What is difference between listing and exclusion?

ANS. If company want to give certain products to particular customer, company need to create listing through tcode VB01.On the other hand, if customer doesn’t want to purchase one product among the other products .You can exclude this product from the list. Through tcode VB02.Listing and Exclusion follow condition technique.

42. What are the functions performed in a support client?

ANS.the function is to solve day to day issue sent by the end user and sometimes enhancement too.
What is the access sequence for header conditions?

43. What is Header Condition

ANS.In Header condition doesn’t have any access sequence .For this reason, it has to be maintained manually in header level pricing procedure in sales order.So, it’s value is divided among different items in a sales order proportionately such as HM00, AMIW condition type.

44. What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM, PP and FICO?

ANS .Highest Organizational unit in SD is Sales Organisation.Highest organization unit in MM is Plant and Highest Organization in PP is Plant. Highest organization unit FI is Company code and CO is controlling area.

 
45. What is the functionality of negative posting in billing document?

ANS.In standard system, credit memo and cancellations document is posted opposite side of account as compared to customer receivable account. Customer requested that credit memo and cancellations should be posted same side of customer account, this allow the account to have zero balance. The totals line in the account can also be zero, in other word, a sales does not take place.Therefore,you have activate negative posting option in billing doc type.

46. How is shipping point determined?

ANS. Shipping condition from sales document type, if it is not maintained, it takes from sol-to-party customer master sales area shipping tab page.

       Delivering plant from customer material info record, if it not maintained, it takes from ship-to-party customer master record .if it is not maintained, it takes from material master sales-org1.

       Loading group from material master record plant/storage 1 tab page

47. What is difference between transport and task?

ANS.The transport request contains transport no and task no. Task no contains activities. When the request is released, task no released first then request no is released.

48. What is the client specific data?

 ANS .Client specific data means when data is maintained within same client suppose client 500, and under 500 client you create company structure and under this company structure you create customer master data and material master data and under this company structure all business transactions is happened .Thus, all business transactions which is happened in the same 500(client) that is called client specific data.

 
49. What is ABAP debugging?

ANS. Debugging is a process to understand program behavior in runtime. SAP has a inbuilt debugger which is part of the ABAP workbench.

50. What is the difference between discount and rebate?

ANS. Discount is given on individual purchase whatever customer purchase suppose customer want to purchase 2 two soft drink bottle each 2 ltr and after purchase customer will get discount on two bottle purchase .On the hand ,Rebate is given total volume of a sales in particular customer

on yearly or monthly and retrospectively.

51. What are the routines?

ANS.  Routines are formula which is hard corded and prepared by ABAPer.As a functional consultant, you can only do system modification.But, you cannot create routines.

 
52. What is meant by Variant Configuration?

Ans:  Attribute of materials are not predefined and there are many possible variations, you can define them in the sales order in the context of a variant. You can define in a sales order on the context of a variation configure.

53. What is the relation ship between sales organization and Company code?

ANS: Sales organization is highest organization unit in sales and distribution and company code is highest organization element in FI.

54. What are the influencing factors for account determination?

ANS: Account determination is depended on Application +Condition type+ Chart of Account + Sales organization+Account assignment group of payer master +Account assignment group of material +Account key .

55. What are dependencies in variant configuration?

ANS. Configurable Material, Configurable profile, Class, and value that is depended on variant configuration.

56. How is alternate condition base value?

ANS. Alternate condition base value is used in pricing procedure to calculate a value on the basis of base value of a material such as you want to give 10 % discount to material on the basis of material base value .For this reason, you have to assign certain routine that is called alternate condition base value.

57. What is the use of pod?

ANS. POD means proof of delivery. When delivery is being done, at the time of receiving, ship-to-party verifies whether any discrepancy is there, if discrepancy is there, delivery is not confirmed. If the quantity is ok, ship-to-party transfer proof of delivery through IDOC to R/3 system.

58. When will you combine deliveries into one invoice?

                   ANS. When delivery due date, destination country, bill-to-party is same ,deliveries are combined into one invoice


N.B: Interview questions is posted by our one of SAP CONSULTING GROUP member MANOJ KUMAR
       and answers is prepared by another  SAP CONSULTING GROUP MEMBER RANA DEBGUPTA